Despite the fact
that recreational, excursion and ecological tourism has been developing in the
Ural region for a long time, the Southern Urals also has its own unique
specificity - this is the so-called industrial tourism, which began to develop
not so long ago, but has already gained great popularity. For example, the
territory of the Chelyabinsk region is rich in the industrial heritage of the
past - these are the ancient prehistoric “paleo-metallurgical” complexes of the
South Ural “Country of Cities”, historical Ural city-factories with their
unique history and architecture, and the latest clusters of metallurgical and
mechanical engineering production in modern developing industrial cities of the
region. Since this type of tourism is attractive for its regional specifics, in
order to solve the problems of the social-economic specifics of the region, it
is extremely important to ensure attractiveness and comfort in the development
of this industry, which will be fully facilitated by the creation of new
methods of information support using the most up-to-date technologies, which
will make it possible to achieve the required result.
The announced research project
“Development of information environment for industrial and scientific tourism
in the Chelyabinsk region using GIS” proposes to develop a software utility for
information support for the environment of industrial and scientific tourism in
the
Chelyabinsk region
using up-to date geographic information systems (GIS). The results of the study
will be aimed at improving laboratory methods for collecting, analyzing and
synthesizing data necessary for navigation support of excursion routes,
information support for tourism objects, using modern means of navigation along
tourist routes and territories with functional interactive visualization of
information.
At this stage, a design concept for
software utility “KROT-1.0” (Cartogram of reference tourism objects. Version
1.0) is being developed to fill the information environment and provide
navigation along a specific thematic route, compiled from a structured and
systematized cartographic layer of tourist objects. It is proposed to implement
the results obtained using the example of the formation of thematic tourism
cluster “Land of Cities”. It is planned to comprehensively equip the software
module with interactive and auxiliary functions for the work of client service
specialists.
The purpose and
objectives of the study are to improve the information and technological
support of
architectural tourism
[1],
industrial and scientific tourism in the Southern Urals, and to create greater
attractiveness for investment. Developing a comprehensive information support
for the environment taking into account modern requirements and technologies in
the development of this industry is the main objective of the study.
The scientific
problem that the project is aimed at solving: the development of modern methods
of information and technological support for the tourism industry in the
regions, with the development of cartograms of thematic routes available for
tourists to visit, using GIS technologies.
The scientific
significance and relevance of solving the identified problem: the topic of the
stated project is determined by the need to develop an information environment
for navigation along tourist routes and tourism sites in the region and for
information support of tourism activities in general. A tourist awareness is a
key factor in the successful promotion and development of the industry.
The scientific
novelty lies in the fact that for the first time, for the development of
architectural
tourism,
industrial and scientific-educational tourism in the Southern
Urals, the following are being developed: an interactive information and
educational environment using GIS; cartogram of reference tourism objects. A
methodology is used based on the author’s method of collecting information,
analyzing and visualizing geodata. The capabilities of the proposed method make
it possible to widely use the developed schemes in GIS navigation and
specialized mobile applications for working with satellite maps.
One of the main,
predominantly significant practical results of using the utility in practice is
instant and targeted receipt of up-to-date information about target tourism
sites and existing routes over a fairly wide area in the “single window”
system.
Considering
in general the problems of research of the prospects for the development of
popular science and industrial tourism in the regions both in Russia and
abroad, it is worth noting the works of Krylova E.A. [10], Volkova S.K. [5],
Glazycheva V.L. [7], Kohl O.D. [8], Koroleva A.Yu. [10], Mironenko N.S. [13],
Oborina M.S. [14], Tyaglova S. G. [17], Allan J.R., Venter O. [at all] [20];
Gorelick N., Hancher M. [at all] [22]; Weiss D. J., Nelson A., Gibson H. S.
[24]. Scientists from Chelyabinsk and Yekaterinburg are working on the
development of scientific, educational and industrial tourism in the Urals:
Beklenishcheva M.V. [2] and specifically in the Chelyabinsk region, scientific
and educational tourism is becoming in demand and begins to develop with the
discovery of architectural and archaeological monuments of the Bronze Age of
the Ural "Country of Cities” and other archaeological complexes of a later
period [19], industrial tourism for the region is a new trend, the beginning of
which can be considered the “Stone Belt” project program in the Middle Urals,
uniting the historical industrial cities of the Urals into a single route. In
the Chelyabinsk region, industrial tourism is planned to be developed on the
basis of both existing enterprises of the metallurgical and mechanical
engineering complex and on the basis of the non-functioning historical
industrial architecture of factory cities. The latest, currently relevant
developments and publications in the direction of the stated topic can be
considered educational publications and scientific articles by Bulatova E.K.
[3, 4], Kizima A.V. [9], Zyryanova A.I., Koroleva A.Yu. [etc.] [15]; Degtyareva
A. N., Usmanova Yu. I. [etc.] [16]. Research related to the prospects for the
development of popular science and industrial tourism in the Urals and
specifically in the Chelyabinsk region, competing works on the stated topic can
be considered research by employees of design institutes and universities:
UralNIIproekt, Chelyabgrazhdanproekt, Chelyabinsk State Historical and Cultural
Reserve "Arkaim", South Russian State University and a number of
other public and private organizations.
The
problem of using modern information and technical support tools in the study of
tourism development prospects is still poorly addressed in Russian science,
with the exception of the field of eco-tourism. Methods of applying GIS
technologies and the use of UAVs in the tourism sector can still be considered as
an innovative area. In this area, the following works can be noted: Gvozdenko
A.A. [6], Ulchitskiy O.A. Bulatova E.K. [at all] [23], which consider issues of
similar specificity in historical-archaeological [21] and
historical-architectural studies, environmental activities, cartography, and
cadastral activities. General issues of using GIS technologies in tourism were
considered in the works of: Bulanova M.V., Sliva I.V., Zhukova Yu.P. [et al.]
[1]; Lesher O.V. [and others] [12], Kuzmina G.V., Makarina I.V. [and others]
[12], Tsvetkova V.Ya. [18] and others.
One of the ways to solve issues related to the
visualization of georeferenced data on satellite maps by creating images from
any text files, consisting of several sequential steps, in particular for
working with Yandex maps, without the involvement of graphic editors using the
PHP programming language as an example, is disclosed in the study by N.N.
Voronina [30]. However, in our development we use methods that combine both
text-based cryptographic programming and specialized 2D graphic editors such as
CorelDraw and Photoshop.
The
research uses methods for linking developed cartograms to satellite maps,
working with map geogrid editors, working with graphic editors for image
processing and developing a graphical interface for the utility. For precise
coordination of reference tourism objects (RTO) and localization of objects on
satellite maps, aerial photography from different years and topographic survey
are used. The process of creating a cartogram and a graphical interface project
for the utility consists of successive stages of work.
Stage
one:
1.1.
initial collection
of informative data: localized aerial photographs, satellite coordinates,
satellite maps with terrain, and other auxiliary data;
1.2.
creating a
database for a cartogram of a layer of objects on Joomla or Wordpress platforms;
1.3.
design development
of the “Country of Cities” layer with its overlay on a satellite map in a
graphic editor using the zoom function;
1.4.
design
visualization of RTO anchor points using specialized graphic editors.
Stage
two:
2.1.
processing the obtained
results, export of the obtained cartograms to GIS system editors such as GIS
software utility GeoLink 3.14.0013 [29];
2.2.
linking the
generated database to cartogram layers;
2.3.
development of
functionality and graphical interface of KROT-1.0 utility in test mode;
2.4.
testing the beta-version
of KROT-1.0 utility.
As a
result of the final stage of work, software utility “KROT-1.0” was implemented.
A cartogram linked to a database has been integrated into the graphical
interface development (Fig. 1). During the utility development, it is necessary
to foresee in advance a possibility of editing the data that is entered into
the base of cartogram layers in case of correcting errors or updating data. As
an example of practical implementation in the application of utility
development, sites of architectural and archaeological complexes located over
vast territories and at a considerable distance from each other are considered.
It is proposed to transfer the generated RTO database into the form of a
graphic cartogram using GIS software utility with the method of polygonal construction
of a high-precision coordinate grid on satellite maps.
To work
with RTO, a modified grid is used, constructed using the utility for
triangulation of complex two-dimensional areas Gridder2D. The constructed
cartogram makes it possible to visualize the contents of RTO database against
the background of a real geographical situation with reference to a satellite
map in real time, in the conditions of the terrain and current cartographic
data - isolines, land surface marks, river edge marks, etc. Processing of
graphic images, as well as the graphical interface of the utility is carried
out using 2D editors: CorelDraw 2017 Academic Edition, D-504-18 dated
04/25/2018 [27] and Adobe Photoshop CS 5 Academic Edition, K-113-11 dated
04/11/2011 [28].
Fig 1. Concept
project for the functionality of the interface of “KROT-1.0” utility (developed
by O.A. Ulchitsky).
Approbation
of the method for constructing a cartogram layer was implemented as part of the
educational process for students to complete a task as part of team work. The
research was interdisciplinary in nature.
At the
first stage data was collected to study the features of reference architectural
and archaeological monuments. The database includes: panoramic aerial
photographs, satellite images, digital models based on the analysis of the
microrelief of monument ruins, our own and previously developed graphic
reconstructions of architectural and archaeological monuments, incl. performed
by 3D modeling and visualization using graphics packages, materials from
various sources.
The
interactive block in the “scroll” contains all the necessary information about
the tourism object: name, images, basic information, additional data:
hyperlinks, concierge service data, auxiliary Internet links, etc. Graphic
display of information on the interactive diagram provides an exhaustive amount
of visual information “single window” data with expanded visualization
capabilities and submission of information about objects linked to the
cartogram.
|
Arkaim
|
|
Location and dating:
Chelyabinsk
region, Bredinsk district, located near the village Alexandrovka. Dates from
the 18th-16th centuries. BC.
Shape, size, orientation relative to the
cardinal directions, preservation and degree of research of the monument:
a
round fortified settlement, diameter 145 m, area 16,500 sq. m. The structure
is oriented NW relative to the main entrances. The monument is in a good
state of preservation. Found in 1987, opened and half examined.
Additional information:
the
structure consists of a central area of 25x27 m, two ring defensive
structures inscribed into each other from a log-pound part and a wooden
parapet, an outer wall with a diameter of 145 m, an inner one 85 m, two
circles of dwellings, divided into sectors, adjacent to the ring walls of
defensive structures, between the inner wall and the dwellings there was a
ring street combined with a storm drain. The remains of rooms and niches have
been found inside the defensive walls. These rooms could be accessed from the
dwellings. In the outer circle, four entrances to the settlement are clearly
visible; they are oriented to the cardinal points. The wall structures were
based on log frames or two longitudinal wooden walls. More than 60 dwellings
were identified in the settlement, they were located in a circle, had a trapezoidal
shape in plan, the area of the buildings was 90-140 sq. m., the inner circle
was 110-180 m. The width of the residential structures was 6-8 m, the length
was up to 20 m. Houses were built close to each other and had common long
walls. These houses had no windows. Natural lighting of the premises was
presumably provided through a specially made light and smoke opening in the
roof.
|
|
|
Fig. 2.
Database grid for KROT using the example of one of the reference objects.
At the
first stage, within the framework of the Design Activity discipline, a database
catalog of 25 folders for reference objects was created. For each object there
are tables (Fig. 2) created for interactive anchor points. The volume of each
table was no more than 300 KB of data. In addition to the interactive tables,
auxiliary photographic materials, images with graphic reconstruction of
objects, and the ability to view an object in the 360° panoramic editor are
loaded. All URL links are linked to the cloud service. Folder catalog
structure: 1) Ålandskoe; 2) Andreevskoe; 3) Arkaim; 4) Bakhta; 5)
Bersuat; 6) Zhurumbai; 7) Isiney; 8) Kamenny ambar; 9) Kamysty; 10) Kizilskoe;
11) Konoplyanka; 12) Kuysak 13) Paris; 14) Rodniki; 15) Sarym-Sakly; 16) Selek;
17) Sibarkul; 18) Sintashta-1; 19) Sintashta-2; 20) Stepnoe; 21) Ulak-1; 22) Ustie;
23) Chekatai; 24) Chernorechye: 25) Shikurtau. An additional section of the
catalog with materials “Operation and Update Process” was also created.
At the second stage, within the framework of the discipline
Content Management for Web Applications, 4th year students completed design
developments on CMS (Content management system) Joomla! and WordPress (WP)
based on Linux OS on the internal server of the Federal State Budgetary Educational
Institution of Higher Education “MGTU named after. G.I. Nosov". The first
team developed the project on WP, and the second on Joomla!
Student teams, conventionally named after CMS used, distributed
the following project roles among themselves: Team Manager, System Analyst,
Designer, Web Resource Architect, Content Manager, Copywriter, Developer,
Tester. For each project role, depending on its content, there were from 1 to 3
students. Each team independently used the method of expert assessments to
identify and rank the requirements of a conditional Customer (O.A. Ulchitsky
was a Customer) for the design, structure and functionality of the web resource
being developed. E.K. Podobreeva, E.K. Bulatova and O.M. Veremey acted as
Experts in determining the priority of user requirements. Requirements for data
organization and resource architecture were developed, analyzed and submitted
for approval to a conditional Project Manager (Yu.V. Kocherzhinskaya acted this
role). Trello by Atlassian was used as a communication platform for project
participants (Fig. 3).
As a result of the work of each team, a version of the cartogram
was developed, which was analyzed by metrics and compared, as a result, the
main problematic and positive aspects when using each of the CMS were
identified. Initially, both solutions with a test version of KROT project for
the territory of the Southern Urals were posted on the site provided by “G.I.
Nosov MGTU” own server space, where the appropriate CMS was installed. The
Yandex.Maps concept was chosen as a sample for display on the main screen, as
it is most familiar to a potential user.
The students presented the results of the solution to colleagues
from another team and a commission consisting of the Customer, Experts, Project
Manager and independent listeners from among the teachers and students of the
university. During the defense, students justified the solutions used on the
database architecture, the design of the user web interface (Fig. 4, 5), and
the format for content presenting. Based on the results of the defense, as a
result of voting, the work of WP team was recognized as the most appropriate to
the Customer’s requirements, as well as in terms of parameters such as
scalability in the future, and ease of support (Fig. 4).
Fig. 3.
Fragment of work on the communication project based on Trello platform
Fig. 4.
KROT interactive module. Beta version of the utility on CMS WP [26].
Fig. 5.
KROT interactive module. Beta version of the utility on CMS Joomla! [25].
This
option was chosen for placement with subsequent modification on hosting on a
thematic web resource. The quality of development was assessed based on
parameters such as usability (UX), copywriting, and design. While Joomla!
solution was considered more aesthetically attractive, it was not optimized for
use on mobile devices. The decision to use a particular CMS is based primarily
on the design and UX components, which was noted when assigning the final
grade.
As a
result of the work performed, a software utility was obtained to provide an
information environment - filling it with routes, information about reference
objects and navigation through the created “Land of Cities” layer. In addition
to designating the tourist sites themselves, the cartograms can display linear
inter-object connections from point “A” to point “B”, information on transport
services and walking routes, additional information and infographics on tourism
sites, territories and routes in an interactive form: when hovering cursor on
any of the anchor points, a “scroll” with information appears. The interactive
block in the “scroll” contains all the necessary information about the anchor
point: name, images, basic information about the object, additional data:
hyperlinks, service data, auxiliary Internet links, etc. Graphic display of
information on the interactive diagram provides a comprehensive amount of
visual data in the "single window" system.
As a
result of the research, a database catalog was formed for the layer “Country of
Cities”, a design concept for the functionality of “KROT-1.0” utility interface
was developed, which in the future can be applied on various platforms, incl.
in mobile applications to provide an information environment for architecture,
industrial and scientific tourism. As a result of testing, two experimental
versions of the interactive module were obtained on WP and Joomla platforms,
which were placed on the university’s internal servers and on the Internet.
The
capabilities of the developed information environment contribute to widespread
introduction of innovative technologies in the field of tourism infrastructure:
transport, hotel, recreational, educational, information and other areas of
service of tourist routes in regions.
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[1]
Architectural
tourism is a modern type of tourism aimed at organizing tourism infrastructure
involving architectural objects as the main objects of tourism [3, C.4].
